Social Science STD 8 Chapter 7: Art in Modern India : Exercises

1. Write the answers of the following questions in one sentence:

1. 1. Who established Kalabhavan' in Vadodara?

   Maharaja Sayajirao established 'Kala Bhavan' in Vadodara.

2. 2. Where did the Pal painting style spread?

   The Pal painting style spread to Bengal, Bihar, Nepal, and Tibet.

3. 3. Who among the Mughal emperors promoted painting?

   Mughal emperors like Babur, Humayun, Akbar, and Jahangir greatly promoted painting.

4. 4. Which organization was established by Abanindranath to promote painting?

   Abanindranath Tagore established the 'Bengal School of Art' to promote painting.

5. 5. Which style of paintings have been found in Gujarat?

   The Jain style of painting and Pithora painting style have been found in Gujarat.

2. Write a short note:

1. 1. Raja Ravivarma

   Raja Ravivarma, a member of the royal family from Kerala, was a prominent painter of the late 19th century. He was highly influenced by Western art and developed his own distinctive style. His paintings were realistic and his portraits were unique. He created excellent oil paintings based on Indian mythology and social issues, with his painting of Goddess Saraswati being very famous. In 1894, he started a lithography printing press in Mumbai, which made pictures of Hindu Gods and Goddesses available to the common people at a low price. His paintings are preserved in museums in Trivendrum and Vadodara, and he was honored with the title of 'Kaiser-e-Hind' by the British government.

2. 2. Rajput style

   The Rajput style of painting was famous in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh from the 10th to the 16th century, under the patronage of Rajput kings. This style includes miniatures and murals. Since the kings were the patrons, the themes of these paintings centered around the lives of Rajput kings, their customs, attire, and festivals. Other central themes included Radhakrishna, Krishnabhakti, Raslila, and the folk life of Rajasthan. This style is also known as the Rajasthan style because it flourished in places like Bundi, Kishangarh, Bikaner, and Jodhpur.

3. 3. Kangra style

   The Kangra style is an important aspect of Indian painting, developed by painters from Rajasthan and the Mughal period in the Himalayan mountainous region. Its main centers were Kangra, Kullu, Garhwal, Chamba, and Mandi, and Molaram was a great painter of this style. The main themes of Kangra paintings are Lord Krishna, devotion to Krishna, and the natural beauty of the Himalayas.

3. Find the correct option from the following options and write the correct answer:

1. 1. Which of the following caves would Jalpa visit during her tour of Tamil Nadu?

   Caves of Sittanavasal

2. 2. In which of the following scriptures would you see Jain style paintings?

   Kathasaritsagar

3. 3. In a painting exhibition, Hetansh bought a painting of a painter of Gujarat. Which painter's painting would he have bought?

   Piraji Sagar

4. 4. You get confused when you see a painting. Looking at that picture you can not decide whether it is Rajput style or Kangra style. So what might be the subject of the painting?

   Krishnabhakti

4. Match the following: