Social Science STD 7 Chapter 9: Political Rulers of 18th Century - Exercises

Social Science STD 7 Chapter 9: Political Rulers of 18th Century - Exercises

1. Answer the following questions in one-two sentences:

  1. 1. What was the name of Bengal's first Nawab?

    The text mentions that Murshid Kulikhan and Alivardi Khan established an independent state in Bengal, but Siraj-ud-Daulah became the Nawab of Bengal in 1757 A.D.

  2. 2. Which sikh clan did Ranjit Singh belong to?

    Ranjit Singh belonged to the Sukarchakia clan of Sikhs.

  3. 3. Between whom, was the third battle of Panipat fought?

    The third battle of Panipat was fought between the Marathas and Ahmed Shah Abdali of Iran.

  4. 4. Who founded Jaipur?

    Raja Sawai Jai Singh founded the city of Jaipur.

2. Answer the following questions in points:

  1. 1. Give outline of the political scenario of India in the 18th century?

    After the death of Aurangzeb in 1707 A.D., India was divided into many smaller states. The Mughal Empire weakened, and new independent states emerged. The Marathas, under the Peshwas, expanded their empire from Maharashtra to other regions. The Sikhs also established their empire under leaders like Ranjit Singh. In Bengal, Murshid Kulikhan and Alivardi Khan established an independent state. Rajput states like Jaipur also became powerful, with rulers like Sawai Jai Singh. This period was marked by political turmoil and the rise of local powers, which eventually paved the way for the British East India Company to establish its rule.

  2. 2. State the achievements of Peshwa Bajirao-I.

    Peshwa Bajirao-I was a skilled warrior and shrewd politician. He expanded the Maratha state by merging many Mughal territories into the Maratha Empire. His major achievements include conquering Malwa, Gujarat, and Bundelkhand, as well as defeating the Nizam of Hyderabad. He transformed Maharashtra into a great Maratha Empire.

  3. 3. Explain the contribution of Sawai Jaisingh in the field of science.

    Raja Sawai Jai Singh was a great astronomer. His contribution to science includes establishing modern observatories in Delhi, Jaipur, Ujjain, and Mathura. These observatories, known as 'Jantar Mantar,' were equipped with instruments to study celestial bodies and time.

  4. 4. Prepare a chart of the names of the last rulers of the Mughal dynasty.

    After the death of Aurangzeb, the last powerful ruler, the following weak rulers came to the throne:
    • Bahadur Shah (1707 A.D. - 1712 A.D.)
    • Jahandar Shah (1712 A.D. - 1713 A.D.)
    • Farrukhsiyar (1713 A.D. - ...)
    • Mohammad Shah
    • Shah Alam-II (1759 A.D. - ...)

3. Find the appropriate option from the following options and write the correct answer:

  1. 1. Which of the following Mughal emperor died in 1707 A.D?

    (D) Aurangzeb

  2. 2. Which of the following Sikh chiefs revolted against the Mughals?

    (C) Banda Bahadur

  3. 3. Who established the observatory in India?

    (B) Sawai Jaisingh

  4. 4. Who was the first peshwa among the following?

    (A) Balaji Vishwanath