Social Science STD 7 Chapter 4: Medieval Architecture, Cities, Merchants and Craftsmen - Exercises

Social Science STD 7 Chapter 4: Medieval Architecture, Cities, Merchants and Craftsmen - Exercises

1. Find the correct option from the following options and write the correct answer:

  1. 1. During Delhi Sultanate the ......... style of mosque, mausoleum (tomb) and roja was predominant.

    (D) Arab

  2. 2. Agra: ......... Bagh, Kashmir: ......... Bagh

    (C) Aaram, Nishat

  3. 3. Mumbai: Elephanta Caves, Tanjore: .........

    (B) Rajrajeshwar temple

  4. 4. Architecture which has achieved the status of World Heritage Site.

    (B) Rani ni Vav

  5. 5. Architectural piece carved with special type of lattice work in windows.

    (A) Sidi Syed's lattice (Jali)

2. Answer the following questions briefly:

  1. 1. What is architecture?

    Architecture is the art and science of designing and constructing buildings. It involves the construction of houses, towns, wells, forts, minarets, and tombs. A person proficient in this art is called an 'architect'. The word 'Shilpshastra' is also used for architecture.

  2. 2. Which painting styles of Rajasthan were famous?

    In Rajasthan, the Mewar, Jaipur, Marwad, and Kota painting styles were famous. These styles were used to paint scenes from Indian mythological stories, epics, and images of gods and goddesses.

  3. 3. In which sense Hampi may be considered as the center of trade and commerce?

    Hampi was a major center of trade and commerce due to its unique craft industries. Foreign travelers noted that goods such as cotton and silk cloth, and spices were exported from Vijaynagar to Europe. The discovery of three types of gold coins in Hampi further indicates its status as a prosperous trading hub.

  4. 4. Write the names of the Mughal architecture.

    The Mughal architecture includes forts, palaces, gates, mosques, and gardens. Some of the notable examples are the Agra and Fatehpur Sikri forts, the Buland Darwaza, the tomb of Salim Chishti, the Taj Mahal, the Moti Masjid in Agra, and the Red Fort in Delhi. Aurangzeb also built the Bibi ka Makbara in memory of his wife.

3. State whether the following statements are 'True' or 'False':

  1. 1. 'Rani ni Vav' was built during the Solanki era.

    True

  2. 2. Rajrajeshwar temple is the finest architecture of Sikh sect.

    False (Rajrajeshwar temple is a Dravidian style temple, while the Golden Temple is Sikh architecture).

  3. 3. The original name of the Uperkot was Ilvdurg.

    False (The original name of Uparkot was 'Giridurg').

  4. 4. Pavapuri is the only place in the world where there are many temples on one hill.

    False (Palitana, along with Pavapuri, is a place with a maximum number of temples on a hill).

  5. 5. The tradition of Paliyas is still alive in Kutch and Kathiawad of Gujarat, even today.

    True

4. Write short-note on:

  1. 1. Paliya

    Paliya is a monument or pillar erected in memory of heroic martyrs who died in battle. These memorials were built on the battlefield or at the place of death. Paliyas were also constructed for women who performed Jauhar or Sati, and these are known as 'Sati's Paliya'. These Paliyas were worshipped once a year on the date of death. Examples include the Suraj Kunwarbano Paliyo near Jamnagar and Hamirji Gohil's Paliya near the Somnath temple.

  2. 2. Modhera Sun temple

    The Sun Temple at Modhera, located in the Mehsana district of Gujarat, was built during the reign of King Bhimdev I of the Solanki era. The temple's east entrance was designed so that the first rays of the sun would fall directly on the gem in the center of the Sun God's idol, filling the atmosphere with divinity. The temple has carvings of twelve different idols of the sun. Outside, there is a large water tank surrounded by 108 small temples, creating a beautiful view when lamps are lit at dawn and dusk.

  3. 3. Rani ni-Vav

    'Rani ni Vav', built by Queen Udaymati in Patan, is a world-famous stepwell and a marvel of architecture and sculpture. It is a unique seven-storeyed stepwell that was built in memory of her husband, King Bhimdev. This site has been designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO due to its magnificent architecture and intricate carvings.

  4. 4. Mughal architecture

    Mughal architecture is characterized by its unique blend of Indian and Islamic styles. Key features include the use of red sandstone and marble, intricate carvings, and the tradition of developing symmetrical gardens. Major works include Babur's gardens in Agra and Lahore, Sher Shah's tomb at Sasaram, and Akbar's Agra Fort and structures at Fatehpur Sikri. Shah Jahan's reign is considered the peak of Mughal architecture, known for the Taj Mahal, Moti Masjid, and the Red Fort in Delhi. Aurangzeb's Bibi ka Makbara also reflects the Mughal style.