Chapter 13: The Value of Work
Solutions for In-text Questions, Activities, End-of-Chapter Questions, and Projects
Standard 6 Social Science
1. Page Number 183: Important Questions
1. What various types of activities do people engage in?
Answer: People are mainly engaged in two types of activities: first, 'economic activities' (such as trading, farming, working in an office or factory) and second, 'non-economic activities' (such as doing household chores, taking care of children, or doing social service).
2. What is their contribution to our daily life?
Answer: Through these activities, an individual earns a livelihood for themselves and their family (through economic activities). Whereas non-economic activities create a feeling of love, cooperation, warmth, and welfare in the family and society.
2. Page Number 185: Let's Find Out (Table Activity)
Activity Outline: In this activity, you have to make a list of the characters in the story and the work they do.
| Character of the story | What tasks do they do? |
|---|---|
| Geeta Kaki (Aunt Geeta) | Serves as a pilot in the Indian Air Force. |
| Kabir's Grandfather | Retired from the Border Security Force and voluntarily teaches neighborhood children for free. |
(Note: Complete the table in the same way for other characters in the story.)
3. Page Number 187: Let's Find Out (Classification Activity)
Activity Outline: Add a third column to the table on page 185 and head it 'Economic/Non-economic Activity'. If the work is done to earn money (e.g., a pilot's job), write 'Economic Activity', and if it is a service-oriented work (e.g., teaching for free), classify it as a 'Non-economic Activity'.
Let's Think 1: Kabir's grandfather voluntarily teaches neighborhood children for free. So, is it an economic activity or a non-economic activity? How is it different from the activity your teacher does by teaching in school?
Answer: Kabir's grandfather teaches the children for free, so it is purely a 'non-economic activity' because there is no financial expectation. What a teacher teaches in school is an 'economic activity' because they receive financial compensation (salary) from the school in return for their teaching work.
Let's Think 2: Which non-economic activities are important for you and your family? Why are they necessary?
Answer: For a family, non-economic activities like parents cooking food, helping children with school work, taking care of sick grandparents, etc., are important. They are necessary because they strengthen the feeling of love, security, and unity among family members.
4. Page Number 189: Let's Think
Question: Today, on your way to school from home, you might have seen people doing various economic activities. Can you remember such activities? How do you think they get compensated?
Answer: On the way to school, one can see shopkeepers selling goods, rickshaw or vehicle drivers driving vehicles, and laborers working at construction sites. As compensation, the rickshaw driver gets fare from passengers, the shopkeeper gets profit from selling goods, and the laborers get cash wages in exchange for their hard work.
5. Page Number 191: Let's Find Out (Table Activity)
Put a tick (✔) against the activities that create monetary value:
- 1. Baker: (✔) - Economic Activity
- 2. Tailor: (✔) - Economic Activity
- 3. Farmers repairing their own tractors: (This is considered non-economic because it is their own work, not generating income)
- 4. Doctor: (✔) - Economic Activity
- 5. Parents cooking dinner for their family: (Non-economic)
- 6. Scientist: (✔) - Economic Activity
- 7. A person taking care of sick grandparents: (Non-economic)
Examples for empty rows (8 and 9):
- 8. Activity: Carpenter (Furniture maker) | Money-related value: Generates income by making and selling furniture, e.g., selling a chair for 1000 rupees. - (✔)
- 9. Activity: Conducting tuitions by a teacher | Money-related value: Receiving a monthly fee by teaching students. - (✔)
6. Page Number 193: Questions, Activities, and Projects (Exercises)
1. How do economic activities differ from non-economic activities?
Answer: Activities that are done to earn money, generate income, or earn a livelihood are called 'economic activities' (e.g., job, business). In contrast, activities that are done out of love, affection, social service, or personal satisfaction, and which have no motive of financial compensation, are called 'non-economic activities' (e.g., community service, taking care of family).
2. What types of economic activities are people engaged in? Explain with examples.
Answer: People perform various economic activities according to their skills and profession.
Example: A farmer grows crops in their field and sells them, a carpenter (like Rajesh) earns profit by making chairs out of wood and selling them in the market, a doctor or a pilot gets a salary for providing their services.
3. People engaged in community service activities are highly respected. Comment on this statement.
Answer: People engaged in community service give their valuable time and hard work for the welfare of society without any selfishness or financial expectation. They help the weaker sections in difficult times and bring positive change to society. Because of this selfless dedication, they become highly deserving of respect and honor in society.
4. How are people compensated for various economic activities? Give examples.
Answer: Compensation is given differently depending on the nature of the economic activity.
Examples: The salaried class (teachers, scientists) are given a fixed monthly 'salary', professionals (traders or shopkeepers) get 'profit' from selling goods, and manual laborers or artisans are paid cash 'wages' in exchange for their daily work.
7. Let's Think
1. Many societies in India have common practices of social participation. Can you tell about some such practices from your area?
Answer: Yes, in our area, the practice of 'Shramdaan' (voluntary labor) is seen in Gram Panchayats or societies. In this, people come together and perform tasks like running tree plantation drives, and cleaning public roads or temples through social participation.
2. During festivals, people come together to organize various activities... Are these non-economic activities? Why do you think this practice is still important today?
Answer: Yes, decorating the place together and cooking community meals during festivals is done selflessly and with a spirit of service, so it is purely a 'non-economic activity'. This practice is still extremely important today because it strengthens brotherhood, community spirit, and unity in society, and preserves our cultural heritage.
3. Can you identify such community works undertaken by your school or in your area? What did you see in these programs?
Answer (Outline for students): Yes, community works like 'Swachh Bharat Abhiyan' and 'Blood Donation Camps' were undertaken in our school and area. In these programs, we saw that teachers, students, and local people, without any financial expectation, were enthusiastically volunteering their labor together for the betterment of society.